Twelve Keys to Writing Prize-Winning Short Stories

1. The Title: Many writers often undermine a greatessential feature of style?
story by a prosaic or uninteresting title. Look at7. Action: This does not necessarily mean violent,
the titles of the stories in various anthologies.physical action. Your story must have a sense of
Admittedly, not all of them may be novel ormovement, it must seem to be flowing rapidly
striking, but in a book collection it is necessary totowards some emotionally satisfying or terrifying
vary the titles a bit. However, when submitting aor unexpected Niagara, not eddying around in
short story in a Contest, remember that the titlecircles, going nowhere.
is the first thing a judge sees. Try to think of a8. Tied in with action are the so-called "Greek
title that is clever, original and relevant.Unities" of time, place and theme. Is it essential
2. Length: Many writers don't know when to stopthat a story have a single, continuous time span?
writing. Avoid unnecessary anti-climaxes. A shortOr be set in just one location? Must a successful
story must be concise. On the other hand, it isstory have just one main theme? Is there room
not necessarily short. But even if your maximumfor subsidiary themes?
limit is 8,000 or 10,000 words, to sustain reader9. Characterization is a field in which many
interest in a story of this length, your entry mustpromising writers get lost. You should aim for
be strongly plotted and vividly characterized.recognizable yet offbeat, colorful yet natural,
3. Cutting: It was formerly said that a writer'sout-of-the-rut yet interesting, fully rounded yet
best tool was a blue pencil. But now it is thefascinating, seemingly real-life characters. Some
delete key on your computer. Put every wordwinning stories contain an unusually large number
under the microscope. Is that particular wordof characters. How are these characters
absolutely necessary? Does your story read asindividualized? Are they all important for the
well without it? Does it help make your sentencesdevelopment and atmosphere of the story?
sing? Are you growing two or three words where10. Conflict is an essential ingredient. Your
even one would be superfluous?characters must face and overcome conflicts
4. First Lines and First Paragraph. So important,with other people in your story, with themselves
because they are the first words the judge andand with their circumstances. How many conflicts
your readers will see. Do they grab attention?can you find in previous prize-winning stories? Also
Look at the first lines (and first paragraphs) innotice that sometimes a winning story will break a
some published stories. What do you notice aboutrule, for example there may be more characters
them?than are strictly necessary or perhaps there's
5. Dialog: Is it natural? Is it in character? Can youeven a story within the story. Why? When is it
identify the speaker without the author telling yousafe, and even commendable, to break the usual
who is speaking? What functions does dialogrules?
perform? For instance, does it advance the plot,11. Theme: Try to make the subject of your
impart necessary background information, revealstory some issue or topic that people currently
character traits, conjure up atmosphere?consider important.
6. Vocabulary: Unless you have already developed12. Entertainment: Most people read stories not
a distinctive, individual style, avoid long words.for enlightenment, but for pleasure. Of course,
Especially words derived from Latin or Greek. Usethere's no reason why an author cannot provide
Anglo-Saxon equivalents, unless you want to beboth.
funny or wry or ironic. Is a writer's vocabulary an