Journalism: Getting Your Foot through the Newsroom Door

-- End Ad Box --->help a candidate who is making an effort to be a
As many as half of all graduates say they'd like apleasant presence around a newsroom.
career in the media. That's a lot of graduates outThese brief pointers should help ensure you get
there who want the same job you want or thethe best out of your work experience placement
job, if you are already working in the media, youand that the newspaper gets the best out of you.
currently have. I've heard this statistic bandedSomebody who is remembered as smart,
about many times - often by editors or managingfriendly, helpful, eager to learn and always turns
directors of newspaper groups justifying the poorup on time will be in good stead for a job when
pay journalists tend to get. I have no reason totheir training is completed. They are also the most
doubt the statistic - I've met a lot of graduateslikely candidates to be offered further work
who say they'd like a career 'in the media'. Mostexperience in the future. Exceptional work
of them now work as management consultants,experience placements can also lead to a
accountants, in advertising or in sales. However,newspaper paying thousands of pounds to get
even if many of those who want a career in theyou trained up as a journalist with the offer of a
media never quite get there, there is a simplejob at the end of the training. Not all newspapers
truth: the route to being an employed journalist isoffer this, but many do. Either way, work
competitive and the going is tough (at first).experience is the most important first step in
As is the case with all competitive environments itbecoming a journalist. The second step, of course,
pays to ensure that you stand out from theis learning the craft through training.
crowd. But to know how to stand out from theGetting trained:
crowd, you have to know what an editor isThere are hundreds of educational establishments
looking for from a potential candidate. Put simply,out there offering courses relating to the media.
editors tend to be looking for:They offer everything from degrees to home
A commitment to a career in journalismstudy courses. For newspaper journalism in the
Self-confidence that stops way short ofUK, the organization nearly all editors look to is
arrogancethe National Council for the Training of Journalists
An eagerness to learn and a keenness to help and(NCTJ). In broadcasting there is the Broadcast
get involvedJournalism Training Council and Skillset. There are
We'll focus on the top of the editor's wish-list first.other bodies in both print and broadcast industries
Demonstrating a commitment to a career inbut these three are generally the most respected
journalism is vital and will be something all editorsorganizations and qualifications accredited by them
are looking for in any new recruit. The followingtend to hold the most sway with potential
steps all demonstrate a commitment to youremployers.
chosen career:The NCTJ offers the leading training system in
Asking and undertaking unpaid work experience atthe UK and the pre-entry qualification to
a local newspapernewspaper journalism is the one most newspaper
Working on a school, university or communityeditors expect to see before offering a candidate
newspaper or news-sheeta job. I started out after completing my NCTJ
Finding a good news story and then phoning acourse and while most journalistic learning is done
newspaper with it whilst asking for workthrough experience and on the job, the skills
experienceacquired on the NCTJ course were essential to
Undertaking training to become a journalist at onepreparing me for the proper learning to take
of the many establishments that offer courses.place. The range of courses accredited by the
This not only shows you are committed to aNCTJ vary from year-long courses to much
career in journalism but also that you are willing toshorter 'fast-track' courses which last a few
go to the financial expense of getting yourselfmonths. Either way, at the end you will have a
ready to become a journalist.good grounding and a qualification in:
Undertaking a degree in journalism or mediaShorthand - the essential tool all journalists need in
studies:order to take down information and to quote
Believe it or not, the last option listed above willsources accurately.
be the least likely to impress an editor. ManyMedia law - editors live in fear of law suits from
editors are skeptical about the value of journalismpeople who have been defamed or from their
or media-based degree courses. They are oftennewspaper ending up in contempt of court.
tinged with more theory than practical tuition andKnowledge of media law is essential and you are
cover the ethics and philosophy of journalismunlikely to get a job without this invaluable
when most editors are more concerned with tightknowledge.
copy, written in a legally-sound way which willPublic affairs - all reporters need an understanding
inform or entertain their readers. On a personalof the machinations of local and central
level, I think media studies and journalism degreesgovernment because they often form the grist
are excellent and, if combined with experience ofof newspaper stories.
working as a journalist, offer an excellentWriting - knowing how to write a news story is
grounding towards becoming a considered andobviously a vital skill that all editors are looking for
insightful reporter. But unless the degree includes afrom their employees. The NCTJ course will hone
certificate to say you have got your shorthandyour skills and teach you the basic style guide on
speed to (ideally) 100 words per minute, awhich most newspaper writing styles are based.
thorough grounding in media law and courtTraining can be tough and the courses thorough
reporting, a basic understanding of local andand exacting. During your course you, or those
central government and proof that you knowaround you, will endlessly debate your current
how to construct a news story, a degree inshorthand speed and get exasperated that it isn't
journalism or media studies is unlikely to lead to aclose to reaching the 100 word a minute industry
job. Unpaid work experience, however, oftenstandard (for help with this click here). Shorthand
leads to a job - though not on its own.is one of the most important parts of training to
Work experience:get right and, for most people, it is the part of
If you don't have a cuttings file (a selection ofthe course that is both the most foreign and the
stories published in a newspaper written by you)part that raw intellect doesn't seem to improve.
then getting work experience is a vital step. NotDuring the course, it is a wise idea to keep getting
only does it give you invaluable experience ofwork experience or sending in good news stories
trying your hand at journalism it also gives youto newspapers to help build your cuttings file and
the opportunity to:to maintain contacts within the industry.
* See how a newsroom operates and how aOnce you have a clutch of passes under your
newspaper is put togetherwing, and your shorthand at 100 words per
* Learn from experienced journalists and see howminute (or near), you are ready to head out
they handle different jobs Work out whether athere and seek employment. Sadly, even with the
career in journalism is really for you.proper credentials, competition for jobs can still be
* Show a potential employer what you have tofierce. Years ago, when I was applying for jobs I
offersent out 61 application letters. I had one reply,
* Develop a cuttings file of your own work underwhich was an offer of an interview 200 miles
your own namefrom where I was living at the time. Luckily for
Getting work experience is reasonably straightme, this single response turned into my first job.
forward. In most cases all you will have to do isBut it took a few months of sending out on-spec
ask. But you need to make sure you ask theapplications to a huge number of newspapers. I
right person so it is usually best to telephone thehope you will not have the experience but, if you
newspaper or newspapers you are interested indo, know that you're in good company.
doing some work for and asking for the name ofAs an aside, and because it is a question I've been
the person who deals with work experienceasked frequently by raw recruits, I wanted to
candidates. Sometimes this is the editor,touch on the issue of where to start your career.
sometimes the news-editor and sometimes theMost, including myself, start out on local
chief reporter. When you write your letter askingnewspapers. But national newspapers also offer
for work experience, remember two main points:extremely good trainee schemes. Amongst most
1. Check and double check for any spellingpeople in journalism training, the national press is
mistakes - it is often a good idea to then getheld in much higher esteem. This is understandable
somebody else to check it a further time before- the readerships are (by and large) much greater,
sending it off. I have always avoided offeringthe stories tend to be greater in scope and scale,
work experience to candidates who cannot bethe pay is better and the scene is more
bothered to check their spelling before sending'glamorous'. Having worked in both the regional
something off.and national press I can see the merits in trying
2. Keep it simple. Tell them you are interested in ato start out in both. If I was forced to make a
career in journalism and tell them that, in thechoice, I would always advise starting with a local
longer term, you would love to work for theirnewspaper. My reasons for this are simple. Firstly,
paper. Highlight any skills you currently have thatyou get to learn your craft within a defined
could be counted as a journalistic tool and tellcommunity and, if you make a mistake, your
them what your intentions are regarding training.community will be quick to point it out. This is a
Usually this sort of approach will get you a perioduseful fact of life and constantly focuses the
of work experience - usually a week or two.reporter's mind on the all important task of
Sometimes, because newspapers have a lot ofgetting things right and making sure stories are
people wanting work experience, you may haveaccurate. Secondly, you will tend to get more
to wait sometime before either hearing back orscope to practice your new skills and cover a
being offered a short term work experienceplethora of different stories. Thirdly, your chance
placement. If you have a number of titles in yourof getting a front page story or a page lead (the
area, apply to them all.main story on a page) in print is far higher. A
When you are offered work experience with afriend of mine spent 18 months on a trainee
newspaper, there are a few things to keep inscheme with one of the quality British broadsheet
mind in order to ensure you get the best out ofpapers. At the end of the 18 months she had
the placement and that you show your best sidesonly a handful of stories of stories with her name
to an organization that is a potential employer. Iton it - the one I remember best was an interview
is wise to:with a bee-keeper. In the same period, I had
Dress smartly and appropriately as you would forcovered bus and plane crashes , murders, major
a formal job interview. You may be senteducation stories and an armed siege. All of my
anywhere at any time and, even if you are onstories were national stories, but I was writing for
work experience, you are still an ambassador fora local paper (indeed some of them were bought
the newspaper. If you end up shadowing anfrom me by national titles).
established reporter to court, you must wear aI had about 50 or so front page stories and
shirt and tie if you are male, or be smartlycountless page leads in my portfolio. And my
dressed if you are female. This sounds an obviouscuttings portfolio is nothing out of the ordinary for
point but I've known work experience candidatesthe local reporter. My friend on the other hand
turn up wearing jeans and tee-shirts and in onewas a raw recruit in a field of highly experienced
case a beanie hat.and very established (often specialized) national
Don't be afraid to ask questions about things youlevel journalists. The chances of her ever getting
are unsure of and offer your help wheneverinto print were slim when it came to writing hard
possible. Help may include offering to get filenews. I respect views different to my own, but I
cuttings from the library or even just making thenevertheless hold firm to my view that the local
coffee. The point is you want to come across aspress offers the best grounding in journalism.
a keen learner who wants to pitch in.That, I feel, is demonstrated by the fact that
Try to find stories both during the working daynearly all of the reporters working for the national
and outside of working hours. Most news-editorspress started out on local newspapers.
and editors would be highly impressed with aA DEGREE OR NO DEGREE
work experience reporter bringing in their ownDoes having a degree help get a foot on the
news stories. They may not get used, but theyjournalistic ladder? Not necessarily. It never hurts,
will get you noticed. If they do get used,of course, to have an expertise in some area to
however, they will be more than noticed - theydegree level and many journalists have degrees in
will be appreciated and you will be held insubjects like history or English. For specialist titles
increasingly high esteem.it can pay to have a degree in, say, science or
Listen to everything that is said to you. When Iinformation technology. But for a general reporter
first did work experience for an evening title ina degree is by no means necessary. I have
Yorkshire I was fresh out of Cambridgeworked with many people who do not have
University and I was convinced I was one of thedegrees or A Levels and those people have often
best writers in the country. I was wrong, and Ibeen editors or news-editors with a razor-sharp
did not have a clue how to write a news story.news sense and an incredible ability to generate
When this was pointed out by the news-editor Iand produce great news stories.
was taken aback at first but I quickly saw whatWhat is necessary is a good command of the
she meant and tried my best to learn the craftEnglish language and numeracy skills. Usually a
from her and to learn fast. The golden rule reallyGCSE qualification in English and maths is a
is to do whatever is asked and to heed advice .requisite. But to get on in journalism a degree
Be confident, by all means, but avoid comingqualification will pale into insignificance compared
across as arrogant like the plague. Remember,with the following:
you are there to learn.An ability to write accurately and quickly
Always turn up on time. This sounds such anAn ability to generate news stories on your own
obvious point that you might be surprised it's ininitiative
this list. Believe me though, it wouldn't be in the listAn interest and knowledge of your own
if it wasn't a mistake I've seen made again andcommunity
again. Try to be a little early and leave a littleAn ability to ask the right questions of the right
after you are told you can depart. Newspaperpeople
reporters have to be punctual in their startingMany people who have not gone into higher or
times because many newspapers are deadlinefurther education have been picking important
driven and news-editors need to be able to banklife-skills in the 'real world' which can become a real
on staff being where they are supposed to be inasset for a would-be journalist. The same goes
case they need something covering at very shortfor people wanting a career change into
notice.journalism. Such people are likely to get a warm
Be affable and upbeat. I've seen many workresponse from editors, whatever their age might
experience candidates sit quietly in the cornerbe. The reason is simple: mature candidates or
looking moody. I know that in most cases thisthose who did not go into higher education are
was a sign of nervousness in a newsroom. Whilstlikely to be more 'street savvy' than those fresh
I can sympathise with that, I would much ratherout of college.