Book Binding By Hand

Simple bindings for your hand-crafted books areless; otherwise pages and holes slip out of
easy to do.  They provide a more elegant andalignment.  Once all pages are punched, stack
longer-lasting solution than staples or binder clips. them with holes aligned on the left hand side.
You can use a variety of materials for theStep 3.  Thread the needle with the thread. Tie
cover.  The cover can be made from cardthe ends together in a knot.  You now have a
stock, file folders, heavy-weight papers, fabric,continuous loop of thread, the needle at one end,
vinyl, or leather.  Match the binding materials tothe knot at the other.  Anchor the thread by
the content of your book to reinforce the themeopening the book about 20 pages and pushing the
and protect it.  Be careful about using wood sinceneedle through the lower middle hole.  Pull the
it contains chemicals which will degrade the interiorthread until the knot is snugly fitted against the
pages.  Use it only for a short-term decorativepages.  Wrap the thread around the spine and
item.  You can make a soft cover by using yourpush the needle through the lower middle hole
choice of material without applying stiff cardboardagain.  Pull taut. 
backing.  Make a hard cover by applying theStep 4.  Take the thread across the top cover
material over cardboard cut to size.  Cut twoto the upper middle hole.  Push the needle down
matching pieces of cardboard to form the frontthrough that hole, around the spine and back
and back cover.  Make them 1/16 of an inchdown through the same hole.  Pull the thread
larger in both height and width than the texttight after each hole.
pages.  There is no overhang in this binding. Step 5.  Take the thread across the bottom
Any type of cord or string can be used for thecover and come up through the top hole.  Go
stitching including yarns, raffia, leather thongs, jutearound the spine and up through the top hole
string, twine, gimp, soft wire, thin ribbons, and fineagain. 
braids.  These are some of the more unusualStep 6.  Take the thread across the top of the
choices for thread.  On a traditional project youcover so it crosses the top edge of the book (as
might use linen, embroidery, or carpet thread,opposed to the spine).  Wrap the thread around
strong nylon thread, or waxed dental floss. this top edge and bring the thread up through the
In your initial book layout, be sure to allow spacetop hole.
on each page for the spine.  Spine depths willStep 7.  Take the thread across the top cover
vary with the number of pages and the thicknessand down through the upper middle hole. 
of the paper.  As a general rule allow ½” toStep 8.  Take the thread across the back cover
¾” of blank space on the side of the pageand up through the lower middle hole.
which will be attached to the spine in addition toStep 9.  Take the thread across the top cover
the margin around the writing.and down through the bottom hole.  Wrap the
Equipment.  You will need an awl or a small nailthread around the spine.  Take the thread down
and hammer, cardboard for a hard cover, materialthrough the bottom hole again.
for the cover, cording or thread (eight times asStep 10.  Take the thread across the bottom
long as the book’s height), binder clips, acover so it crosses the bottom edge of the
needle, pencil, ruler, phone book or scrap wood tobook.  Wrap the thread around this bottom edge
protect your work surface.and bring the thread down through the bottom
How to do it.  These instructions follow Japanesehole. 
book binding techniques to create a binding thatStep 11.  Take the thread across the back cover
will last.to the starting hole.  Bring the needle up through
Step 1.  Measure ½” from the spine of thethe starting hole.  Tie off the thread tightly by
front cover and use your ruler to draw a lineslipping the needle under the two top threads
from the top to the bottom.  On the line youcoming out of the starting hole and back through
have just drawn, make a mark ½” downthe loop.
from the top and ½” up from the bottom. Step 12.  Run the needle down through the
Divide the distance between those two marksstarting hole and cut off the thread flush with the
into thirds and mark two middle points.  Youback of the book. 
should have four marks.You can vary this basic binding by using different
Step 2.  Even up the pages of the book andspacing of the holes and patterns of sewing.  As
place them between the front and back covers. a decorative feature, you can sew a stick, ribbon,
Clamp with binder clips.  Place on your protectedor beads into the binding.  Add the decoration
work surface.  If needed, weight down thealong the spine if it is thick enough or on the front
pages to keep them from moving.  Punch holescover.  Do remember to consider function first
through the marks using the awl or a small nailthough.  If the decoration will interfere with
and hammer.  Do this in batches of 20 pages orreading the book, do not use it.